Door engine



L.P.HYNES July 5, 1932.

DOOR ENGINE Filed Aug. 19. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 gvwewtoz .Z P15 figaw grass July 5, 1932. HYNES 1,865,913

DOOR ENGINE Filed Aug. 19. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 o [I I T- N gfl vwewtoz, ,ZeePW,

J y 1932- P. HYNES DOOR ENGINE Filed Aug. 19, 1922 5'Sheets-Sheet 3 vwemtoz Zea fififylws", 1 e1 1 Jr.

I' O/LLt'VfL Z5 ig-7 Patented July 5, 1932 UNITED. STATES PATENTVOFFICE. 1

- LEE P- H E F ALBAN EW YOBK,'ASSIGNOR, B M SNE AS$IGN EN S, T0 013': SOLID CAB HEATING COMPANY, INC-', 01? ALB- L Y, NEW YO K, A GOBPOBATION OF NEW YORK n on. Enema Application filed Augie; 1 ,1922. eal 110,583,041.

For a detailed description ofthepresent form of my invention, reference may be had to the following specification and to the accompanying drawings forming part tl1ere-. v

I actuat ng rod 51, overlapping cylinder 20, 9X:

of, wherein I Fig. 1 is a plan and I Fig. 2 is a side view of my. engine; I

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectio nfand' Fig, 4 a partial chests; v u Fig. 5 is a detail of the oscillating shaft which the engine operates,

Figs. 6 and 7 show a modificat on. 3

Myengine contains two opposed cylinders of diiierent diameters with their pis'tonidirectly connected, the largercylinderbe ng ofiset or eccentric with respectto' a .doorfactu ating rod which is brought out from the larger piston through the offset wall or. parti tion between the two. The smaller cylinder acts to close the door andis adapted to have air pressure constantly maintained there n, while the larger one acts to open thedoor. and

. only receives pressure when and so long as the door is opened,- its'greater area enabling it to overcome the pressure on the smaller one with suflicient'excess power to also open the door. Since the smaller cylinder isunder constant pressure, I provide its piston with a back seal between it and the aforesaid partition wall to prevent leakage, while it is in its static condition. I also provide an improved arrangement of check-valves which puts the s admission and check ducts connected with the end of each cylinder in separate branches in stead of in series, and removes the speed control from the inlet side tothe check side of the piston. This gives a material improvement in operation. r

- Referring to the drawings, is the smaller cylinder, 40 the larger one. In the former is a piston 21 with the usual leather packing 22. In addition I provide aback seal in the form of a packing washer 23whicfh abuts against the partition wall whenever the piston is in its normal door-closing position as shownin Fig. 8. The said partition is perforated for the pas ge of rod which rigidly, co nects t o p t n so tha h y mo e og the T e two cylinders are not concentric, but, as

section through the'valve shown gthe a ger one stahs is out above he smal o so hattho said rod .50 x e ds the center of pist n 21 to a point near the lower edge of piston all. An

tends backward from a point near the upper edge of piston 41 and passes out of the casing through a grease-retaining stufling-box 60f.

A connecting rod 52 is jointed to tlieouter end of actuating rod 51 and connects, through the adjustment link '57, with a lever arm 53 which is screwed into a split clamp 56 on the oscillating door-shaft 54,; As appearsin Fig. 5, the shaft 54 is journalled a triangular plate 55 seated on'a suitable base plank 58. 'The cylinder 20 is supplied by an air pipe 2 and cylinder .40 by an air pipe l.

The rod 51 is guided by a suitable bore 51g formed in thewall of the smaller cylinder.

Pipe 2 is connected with a source of pressure supply (not shown) but no means is provided for exhausting the cylinder 20 to the atmos-. phere. Pipe 4 is also connected to the source of pressure supply, means beingv provided to ,7

connect cylinder 4 0 alternately to'supply and to exhaust by any well known type of valve which is conventionally shown at V.

E c y i is pr v ded w th a alve chest 70, and inasmuch as the two valve chests are duplicates, but one will be described detail. Each chest communicates with its cylinder through a main duct A spaced from the ends of the cylinderand a seconddnct'li at the e of h y i de and e h ch st also communicates with its pressure supply pipe 2 or 4, as the case maybe by means of a duc E'- s to beunde sto d that the y n er 20 i perman n y connected. t the pr ss re s pp y, an that hen Pr ssur i s he ai con a ed n t e cylinder 2 ba k,

ugh the d ts an .E in o thopre su-re upp y- Th s, e air f rced out o oylintlor 20 will bes je t d o the ame ushio ng a striations that would be present if theflcyl nde were connected to an exhaus inthe same manner as cylinder 40. Onthe front side of piston 41 the space is normally partly closed by a plug 37 which serves as a vent to prevent accumulation of pressure on that side of the piston.

In both valve chests the inflow is freely from the duct E through a branch which includes a passage'controlled by a ball check valve H to the cylinder through the duct F. A second branch leads from the duct E to the duct A and includes passages controlled by valve D and ball check valve B, flow through this branch to the cylinder being normally prevented by the said check valve. The branch leading from the duct E to the duct F also includes an outlet passage controlled by the valve G, the ball check valve H being so arranged as to be seated by back pres-v sureflowingoutwardy through the duct F. In practice, the outflow through duct F seats the ball check valve H,,so that the only outlet from F to E is through the passage controlled by the valve G. The outflow through the duct A unseats the check valve B so that thereis free passage to the duct E except as the passage may be restricted by the valve It will now be assumed that pressure is being admit-ted tothe cylinder 10 through the duct E. Under these conditions the pressure passes directly from the duct E into the cylinder back of the piston 41,1031 way of the duct F forcing the two pistonsto the left, as viewed in Figure 8. Inthis connection, it must be borne in mind that while the large piston 41 is being pressed from behind, it is being checked by the small piston 21 which expels the air back into the air supply, as well as by the air expelled from its front side through the plug 37 and through the port A via the needle valve D and port E.

' The smaller piston 21, on its out-stroke first expe-ls the air freelythrough the duct A, open check valve B, needle valve D. to duct E. At the same time air is being expelled outwardly through the port F to the duct E via the needle valve G. But the valve G will not add any substantial restriction to the speed of the cylinder 'due to the fact that the air more freely passes out through the port A; Later, however, after the piston has moved to a position to cover the port A the remaining air is expelled less freely through the port F, needle valve G and duct E.

On its in-stroke the smaller piston 21 sucks back (under reservoir pressure) freely from the duct E through the open check valve H to the duct F. This free inflow remains the same after the piston uncovers the port A, because of the check valve B which is closed to flow from E to A. While the air is flowing out ahead of the piston 21, that air goes from, the duct A to the duct E through the valves B and D in series. Therefore, the valve D maly bereadily used to control the en ine spee eretofore, it has been customary to place the cushioning valve between the check valve and the entrance to the end of the cylinder and thereby to control the speed of the engine by throttling the incoming air so that the maximum power of the pressure could not be applied. By placing the valve G between the duct E and the valve H, thereis no restriction whatever to the free inflow of the pressure fluid so that its maximum power is quickly applied to the piston, the speed of the engine being controlled by the throttling of the outgoing air, two checks being obtained. The first check on the small piston is by way of theport A, ball valve B and adjustable needle valve D. The second check, after port A is covered by the piston 21, is through the port F, adjustable needle valve G and the duct E. In practice, the opening through the needle valve D is larger than that through the needle valve Gr so that the last mentioned valve stops thedoor by a cushioning action. An important advantage also is obtained by placing the valves G and H in two parallel branches, the check valve being in the inlet branch and the needle valve in the outlet branch, the parts being so disposed that the outward pressure immediately seats the check valve and makes it imperative for the pressure to. pass out through the valve G.

The valve arrangements are duplicated for the larger cylinder-4:0. Communication between the outside atmosphere and the space SOWithin the casing is effected through an opening which is normally partially closed by a plug 37 and the opening in the wall or partition at the left of space 80is. larger than the rod 50 which passes therethrough sothat the lubricant which partially fills the interpiston chamber can flow freely through it. It is, however, desirable at times to support the rod 50 where it passes through the partition, and for that purpose, I provide at that point a bearing bushing 25 (see Figs. 6 and 7) for the said rod. I This bushing has notches around its periphery to permit flow of lubricant due to the unequal size of the cylinders. This bushing 25 is screwed into the partition to give a support for the rod without obstructing the lubricant. What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: y H

1. A door engine of the character described comprising a single acting door opening cylinder opposed by a single acting door closing cylinder of smaller diameter with an intermediate lubricating chamber, said cylinders being relatively "offset, pistons in the respective cylinders, a piston rod directlyconnecting the pistons through said intermediate lubricating chamber, said rod being concentrio with respect. to one piston and eccentric with respect to the other piston, and door operating means connected with the last men'- tioned piston so as to be operated thereby,

said door operating means passing through the cylinder in,.which the last mentioned piston is mounted.

2. A door engine of the character described comprising a single acting door opening cylinder opposed by a single acting door closing cylinder of smaller diameter, with an intermediate lubricant chamber, said cylinders being relatively ofl'set, pistons in the respective chambers, a piston rod directly connecting the pistons through said intermediate chamber, said rod being concentric with respect to the smaller piston and eccentric with respect to the larger piston, and a door operating rod also connected with the larger piston so as to be'operated thereby, said door operating rod passing through the cylinder in which the larger piston is mounted.

3. A door engine comprising a casing provided with two opposed relatively ofi'set cylinders of unequal diameters, pistons reciprocably mounted within and complemental to the respective cylinders, a piston rod rigidly connecting said pistons, and a door operating rod extending from the casing at a position between the pistons and connected with one of the pistons in spaced relation with respect to said piston rod, said casing having means for guiding said door operating rod;

Signed at Albany, county of Albany, and State of New York, this 12th day of August,

L. P. HYNES. 

